项目名称：流域水文模拟及预报
English Name: Hydrological simulation and prediction
关键词：水文循环；水文尺度效应；流域水文；水文模拟；水文预报
Keywords: hydrological process; scaling law; watershed hydrology; hydrological modeling; hydrological forecasting
执行年限/Time: 2019.01-2023.12
摘要：
半干旱半湿润区作为湿润区向干旱区的过渡，其水文过程更为复杂，开展半干旱半湿润山区水文过程研究对全面认识流域水文过程机理，提高流域水文预报精度具有重要意义。项目主要研究内容包括：（1）山坡尺度降雨产流过程机理及本构关系方程研究，（2）山坡尺度蒸发过程机理及本构关系方程研究，（3）流域尺度产流和蒸发规律，（4）水文模拟代表性单元尺度的确定。拟基于典型流域水文综合观测实验揭示半干旱半湿润山区水文过程机理，基于高精度遥感观测建立升尺度方法，基于多流域比较研究提升水文本构方程的适用性，预期将提出半干旱半湿润山区新的产流模式、建立新的产流本构关系方程，揭示不同尺度蒸发受陆气耦合反馈的影响机制及升尺度规律、建立异质下垫面的蒸发本构关系方程，提出适合多种水文过程模拟需要的代表性单元尺度的确定方法。
Abstract：
The transition from a humid to an arid region involves complex hydrological processes. Therefore, studying the hydrology in semi-arid and semi-humid mountain area is relevant for understanding the functioning of the river basin and providing reliable forecast at watershed level. This project will analyze: (1) hillslope-scale rainfall-runoff processes and its constitution relationship, (2) hillslope-scale evaporation process and its constitution relationship, (3) runoff generation and evaporation at watershed scale, and (4) the determination of the scale of representative units of hydrological simulation. Field observation and experiments will be carried out to explore the hydrological processes in semi-arid and semi-humid mountainous areas. High-resolution remote sensing observations will allow to establish an upscaling method. The constitutive relationships will be improved and extended beyond specific experimental watersheds by comparative studies among different basins. The possible outcomes include: runoff generation mechanism and the corresponding constitutive relationship for semi-humid/semi-arid areas, scaling method of evaporation from tree scale to watershed scale, and the specification of representative elementary watershed. |
